SOS

"The Sensor Observation Service (SOS) is a web service to query real-time sensor data and sensor data time series and is part of the Sensor Web. The offered sensor data comprises descriptions of sensors themselves, which are encoded in the Sensor Model Language (SensorML), and the measured values in the Observations and Measurements (O & M) encoding format. The web service as well as both file formats are open standards and specifications of the same name defined by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC).

If the SOS supports the transactional profile (SOS-T), new sensors can be registered on the service interface and measuring values be inserted. A SOS implementation can be used both for data from in-situ as well as remote sensing sensors. Furthermore, the sensors can be either mobile or stationary.
The SOS has three so-called core operations that must be provided by each implementation. The GetCapabilities operation allows you to query a service for a description of the service interface and the available sensor data. For using the SOS, the GetObservation function is probably the most important. It can be utilized to retrieve data for specific sensors. The DescribeSensor function returns detailed information about a sensor or a sensor system and the producing processes.

Core operations (core profile)

• GetCapabilities returns an XML service description with information about the interface (offered operations and endpoints) as well as the available sensor data, such as the period for which sensor data is available, sensors that produce the measured values, or phenomena that are observed (for example air temperature).
• GetObservation allows pull-based querying of observed values, including their metadata. The measured values and their metadata is returned in the Observations and Measurements format (O & M).
• DescribeSensor - provides sensor metadata in SensorML. The sensor description can contain information about the sensor in general, the identifier and classification, position and observed phenomena, but also details such as calibration data.

Transactional operations (transactional profile)

• RegisterSensor allows to register a new sensor in an deployed SOS.
• InsertObservation can be used to insert data for already registered sensors in the SOS.

Extended operations (enhanced profile)

• GetResult provides the ability to query for sensor readings without the metadata given consistent metadata (e.g. sensor, observed object).
• GetFeatureOfInterest returns the geoobject whose properties are monitored by sensors in Geography Markup Language encoding.
• GetFeatureOfInterestTime provides time periods in which measurements of an observed object in the SOS are available.
• DescribeFeatureType returns the type of the observed geoobjects (XML Schema)
• DescribeObservationType returns the type of observation (XML Schema), such as om: Measurement).
• GetObservationById allows to query a specific observation using an identifier returned by the service as response to an InsertObservation operation.
• DescribeResultModel provides the XML Schema of the measured value, which is particularly important for complex measurements, such as multi-spectral data.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensor_Observation_Service

http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/sos

istSOS - http://istsos.org/